Which managerial powers are directly related to employee performance and satisfaction?

The correct answer highlights the significance of referent and expert powers in relation to employee performance and satisfaction. Referent power stems from the respect and admiration an individual commands, which can create a positive, supportive workplace culture. When employees feel valued and connected to their leaders, it enhances motivation and job satisfaction, leading to improved performance.

Expert power, on the other hand, is derived from an individual's knowledge and skills. When a leader demonstrates expertise, employees are more likely to trust their guidance and follow their directives. This trust not only facilitates better performance but also increases employees' confidence in their own abilities, which contributes to their overall job satisfaction.

While other choices incorporate forms of power that can influence employees, referent and expert powers are particularly strong in fostering an environment where performance is maximized, and employees feel satisfied and engaged in their work. The connection between these powers and employee attitudes is well-documented in organizational behavior literature, making this answer particularly relevant and effective in promoting success within a team or organization.